NON-­CONVENTIONAL ENERY RESOURCES (BME755D)

NON-­CONVENTIONAL ENERY RESOURCES

Course Code BME755D
CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 03 
SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 
Total Marks 100
Credits 03 
Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory

Module­ 1

Introduction:

Energy source, India’s production and reserves of commercial energy sources, need for nonconventional energy sources, energy alternatives, solar, thermal, photovoltaic. Waterpower, wind

biomass, ocean temperature difference, tidal and waves, geothermal, tar sands and oil shale, nuclear

(Brief descriptions); advantages and disadvantages, comparison (Qualitative and Quantitative).

Solar Radiation Measurement of Solar Radiation

Solar Radiation: Extra­Terrestrial radiation, spectral distribution of extra­terrestrial radiation, solar

constant, solar radiation at the earth’s surface, beam, diffuse and global radiation, solar radiation data.

Measurement of Solar Radiation: Pyrometer, shading ring pyrheliometer, sunshine recorder,

schematic diagrams and principle of working.

Module­ 2

Solar Radiation Geometry: Flux on a plane surface, latitude, declination angle, surface azimuth

angle, hour angle, zenith angle, solar altitude angle expression for the angle between the incident

beam and the normal to a plane surface (No derivation) local apparent time. Apparent motion of sum,

day length, numerical examples.

Radiation Flux on a Tilted Surface Solar Thermal Conversion

Radiation Flux on a Tilted Surface: Beam, diffuse and reflected radiation, expression for flux on a

tilted surface (no derivations) numerical example. Solar Thermal Conversion: Collection and storage,

thermal collection devices, liquid flat plate collectors, solar air heaters concentrating collectors

(cylindrical, parabolic, paraboloid) (Quantitative analysis); sensible heat storage, latent heat storage,

application of solar energy water heating. Space heating and cooling, active and passive systems,

power generation, refrigeration. Distillation (Qualitative analysis) solar pond, principle of working,

operational problems.

Module­ 3

Performance Analysis of Liquid Flat Plate Collectors

General description, collector geometry, selective surface (qualitative discussion) basic energybalance equation, stagnation temperature, transmissivity of the cover system, transmissivity –

absorptivity product, numerical examples. The overall loss coefficient, correlation for the top loss

coefficient, bottom and side loss coefficient, problems (all correlations to be provided). Temperature

distribution between the collector tubes, collector heat removal factor, collector efficiency factor and

collector flow factor, mean plate temperature, instantaneous efficiency (all expressions to be

provided). Effect of various parameters on the collector performance; collector orientation, selective

surface, fluid inlet temperature, number covers, dust.

Photovoltaic Conversion

Photovoltaic Conversion: Description, principle of working and characteristics, applications.

Module ­4

Wind Energy:

Properties of wind, availability of wind energy in India, wind velocity and power from wind; major

problems associated with wind power, wind machines; Types of wind machines and their

characteristics, horizontal and vertical axis windmills, elementary design principles; coefficient of

performance of a windmill rotor, aerodynamic considerations of windmill design, numerical

examples.

Tidal Power:

Tides and waves as energy suppliers and their mechanics; fundamental characteristics of tidal power,

harnessing tidal energy, limitations.

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion:

Principle of working, Rankine cycle, OTEC power stations in the world, problems associated with

OTEC.

Module ­5

Hydrogen Energy:

Properties of Hydrogen with respected to its utilization as a renewable form of energy, sources of

hydrogen, production of hydrogen, electrolysis of water, thermal decomposition of water, thermo

chemical production bio­chemical production. Storage & Transportation Methods: Gaseous, cryogenic

and metal hydrides, application of hydrogen, domestic and industrial safe burning of hydrogen.

Geothermal Energy Conversion:

Principle of working, types of geothermal station with schematic diagram, geothermal plants in the

world, problems associated with geothermal conversion, scope of geothermal energy.

Energy from Biomass:

Photosynthesis, photosynthetic oxygen production, energy plantation, biogas production from

organic wastes by anaerobic fermentation, description of bio­gas plants, transportation of biogas,

problems involved with bio­gas production, application of bio­gas, application of bio­gas in engines,

advantages.

Suggested Learning Resources:

Books

1. Non­Convention Energy Resources by B H Khan, 3rd Edition ,McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt.

Ltd.

2. Non­Conventional Energy Sources by G.D Rai, Khanna Publishers (2003).

3. Solar Energy by Subhas P Sukhatme, 2nd Edition Tata Mcgraw Hill (1996).

4. Renewable energy sources and Conversion technology by N.K.Bansal, Manfred Kleeman and

Mechael Meliss, Tata Mcgraw Hill (2004)