MICROCONTROLLER AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (21CS43)

MICROCONTROLLER AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Course Code 21CS43
CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 3:0:2:0 
SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 T + 20 P 
Total Marks 100
Credits 04 
Exam Hours 03

Module-1

Microprocessors versus Microcontrollers, ARM Embedded Systems: The RISC design philosophy, The ARM Design Philosophy, Embedded System Hardware, Embedded System Software. ARM Processor Fundamentals: Registers, Current Program Status Register, Pipeline, Exceptions, Interrupts, and the Vector Table, Core Extensions Textbook 1: Chapter 1 - 1.1 to 1.4, Chapter 2 - 2.1 to 2.5

Laboratory Component:

1. Using Keil software, observe the various registers, dump, CPSR, with a simple ALP programme.

2. For concepts, numerical, and discussion, use chalk and a whiteboard, as well as a PowerPoint presentation.

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Module-2

Introduction to the ARM Instruction Set: Data Processing Instructions , Branch Instructions, Software Interrupt Instructions, Program Status Register Instructions, Coprocessor Instructions, Loading Constants C Compilers and Optimization :Basic C Data Types, C Looping Structures, Register Allocation, Function Calls, Pointer Aliasing, Textbook 1: Chapter 3: Sections 3.1 to 3.6 (Excluding 3.5.2), Chapter 5

Laboratory Component:

2. Write a program to find the sum of the first 10 integer numbers.

3. Write a program to find the factorial of a number.

4. Write a program to add an array of 16 bit numbers and store the 32 bit result in internal RAM.

5. Write a program to find the square of a number (1 to 10) using a look-up table.

6. Write a program to find the largest or smallest number in an array of 32 numbers.

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Module-3

C Compilers and Optimization :Structure Arrangement, Bit-fields, Unaligned Data and Endianness, Division, Floating Point, Inline Functions and Inline Assembly, Portability Issues. ARM programming using Assembly language: Writing Assembly code, Profiling and cycle counting, instruction scheduling, Register Allocation, Conditional Execution, Looping Constructs Textbook 1: Chapter-5,6

Laboratory Component:

1. Write a program to arrange a series of 32 bit numbers in ascending/descending order.

2. Write a program to count the number of ones and zeros in two consecutive memory locations.

3. Display “Hello World” message using Internal UART.

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Module-4 

Embedded System Components: Embedded Vs General computing system, History of embedded systems, Classification of Embedded systems, Major applications areas of embedded systems, purpose of embedded systems. Core of an Embedded System including all types of processor/controller, Memory, Sensors, Actuators, LED, 7 segment LED display, stepper motor, Keyboard, Push button switch, Communication Interface (onboard and external types), Embedded firmware, Other system components. Textbook 2: Chapter 1 (Sections 1.2 to 1.6), Chapter 2 (Sections 2.1 to 2.6)

Laboratory Component:

1. Interface and Control a DC Motor.

2. Interface a Stepper motor and rotate it in clockwise and anti-clockwise direction.

3. Determine Digital output for a given Analog input using Internal ADC of ARM controller.

4. Interface a DAC and generate Triangular and Square waveforms.

5. Interface a 4x4 keyboard and display the key code on an LCD.

6. Demonstrate the use of an external interrupt to toggle an LED On/Off.

7. Display the Hex digits 0 to F on a 7-segment LED interface, with an appropriate delay in between.

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Module-5

RTOS and IDE for Embedded System Design: Operating System basics, Types of operating systems, Task, process and threads (Only POSIX Threads with an example program), Thread preemption, Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Communication (without any program), Task synchronization issues – Racing and Deadlock, Concept of Binary and counting semaphores (Mutex example without any program), How to choose an RTOS, Integration and testing of Embedded hardware and firmware, Embedded system Development Environment – Block diagram (excluding Keil), Disassembler/decompiler, simulator, emulator and debugging techniques, target hardware debugging, boundary scan. Textbook 2: Chapter-10 (Sections 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4 , 10.7, 10.8.1.1, 10.8.1.2, 10.8.2.2, 10.10 only), Chapter 12, Chapter-13 ( block diagram before 13.1, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6 only)

Laboratory Component:

1. Demonstration of IoT applications by using Arduino and Raspberry Pi 

2. Significance of real time operating system[RTOS] using raspberry pi

Click here to download Module-5

Suggested Learning Resources:

Textbooks

1. Andrew N Sloss, Dominic Symes and Chris Wright, ARM system developers guide, Elsevier, Morgan Kaufman publishers, 2008.

2. Shibu K V, “Introduction to Embedded Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill Education, Private Limited, 2nd Edition.

Reference Books

1. Raghunandan. G.H, Microcontroller (ARM) and Embedded System, Cengage learning Publication,2019

2. The Insider’s Guide to the ARM7 Based Microcontrollers, Hitex Ltd.,1st edition, 2005.

3. Steve Furber, ARM System-on-Chip Architecture, Second Edition, Pearson, 2015.

4. Raj Kamal, Embedded System, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishers, 2nd Edition, 2008.