Hydraulics & Pneumatics (BME702)

Hydraulics & Pneumatics

Course Code BME702 
CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3:0:2:0 
SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 hrs + 8­10 lab sessions 
Total Marks 100
Credits 04 
Exam Hours 3
Examination nature (SEE) Theory

Module ­1

Introduction to fluid power systems

Fluid power system: components, advantages and applications. Transmission of power at static

and dynamic states. Pascal’s law and its applications.

Fluids for hydraulic system: types, properties, and selection. Additives, effect of temperature and

pressure on hydraulic fluid. Seals, sealing materials, compatibility of seal with fluids. Fluid

conditioning through filters, strainers; sources of contamination and contamination control; heat

exchangers.

Module ­2

Pumps and Actuators

Pumps: Classification of pumps, pumping theory of positive displacement pumps, construction and

working of Gear pumps, Vane pumps, Piston pumps, fixed and variable displacement pumps, Pump

performance characteristics, pump selection factors, problems on pumps.

Actuators: Classification cylinder and hydraulic motors, Hydraulic cylinders, single and double

acting cylinder, mounting arrangements, cushioning, special types of cylinders, problems on

cylinders. Construction and working of rotary actuators such as gear, vane, piston motors, and

Hydraulic Motor. Theoretical torque, power, flow rate, and hydraulic motor performance; numerical

problems. Symbolic representation of hydraulic actuators (cylinders and motors).

Accumulators: Types, selection/ applications of accumulators

Module­ 3

Components and Hydraulic Circuit Design

Components: Classification of control valves, Directional Control Valves­symbolic representation,

constructional features of poppet, sliding spool, shuttle valve, and check valves.

Pressure control valves ­ types, direct operated types and pilot operated types.

Flow Control Valves ­compensated and non­compensated FCV, needle valve, temperature

compensated, pressure compensated, pressure and temperature compensated FCV, symbolic

representation.

Hydraulic Circuit Design: Control of single and Double ­acting hydraulic cylinder, regenerative

circuit, pump unloading circuit, double pump hydraulic system, counterbalance valve application,

hydraulic cylinder sequencing circuits, cylinder synchronizing circuit using different methods,

hydraulic circuit for force multiplication; speed control of hydraulic cylinder metering in, metering

out. Hydraulic circuit examples with accumulator.

Module­ 4

Pneumatic Power Systems

Introduction to Pneumatic systems: Pneumatic power system, advantages, limitations,

applications, Choice of working medium. Characteristics of compressed air and air compressors.

Structure of pneumatic control System, fluid conditioners­dryers and FRL unit.

Pneumatic Actuators: Linear cylinder – types of cylinders, working, end position cushioning, seals,

mounting arrangements, and applications. Rotary cylinders­ types, construction and application,

symbols.

Pneumatic Control Valves: DCV such as poppet, spool, suspended seat type slide valve, pressure

control valves, flow control valves, types and construction, use of memory valve, Quick exhaust

valve, time delay valve.

Module ­5

Pneumatic Control Circuits

Simple Pneumatic Control: Direct and indirect actuation pneumatic cylinders, speed control of

cylinders ­ supply air throttling and exhaust air throttling.

Signal Processing Elements: Use of Logic gates ­ OR and AND gates in pneumatic applications.

Practical examples involving the use of logic gates.

Multi­ Cylinder Application: Coordinated and sequential motion control, motion and control

diagrams. Signal elimination methods, Cascading method­ principle, Practical application examples

(up to two cylinders) using cascading method (using reversing valves).

PRACTICAL COMPONENT OF IPCC

Experiments

1 A] Study of Construction and working Hydraulic pumps and Pneumatic

  B] Study of Hydraulic and Pneumatic valves.

  C] Study of solenoid valves, limit switches. Pressure, flow control valve

2 Basic hydraulic circuit for the working of double acting cylinder and a hydraulic motor

3 Basic pneumatic circuit for the working of single and double acting cylinder.

4 Speed control circuits. Different Metering methods Inlet & outlet flow control (meter­in &

meter­out circuit)

5 Circuits for the Use of different direction control valves and valve actuation in single And

double acting cylinder, and multi actuation circuit.

6 Hydraulic Counter­balancing circuit.

7 Hydraulic or Pneumatic Regenerative circuit.

8 Hydraulic or Pneumatic Sequencing circuit.

9 Can be Demo experiments for CIE

Circuit with cam operated pilot valves operating a pilot operated 4way direction control

Valve or proximity/ limit switches, solenoid operated 4way direction control valve for

Auto reversing circuit.

10 Can be Demo experiments for CIE

Study of hydraulics and Pneumatics circuit, based on the industrial application. (At least

one in each)

Suggested Learning Resources:

Text Books:

1. Anthony Esposito, “Fluid Power with applications”, Pearson edition, 2000.

2. Majumdar S.R., “Oil Hydraulics”, Tala McGRaw HllL, 2002.

3. Majumdar S.R., “Pneumatic systems ­ Principles and Maintenance”, Tata McGraw­Hill, New

Delhi, 2005

Reference Books:

1. John Pippenger, Tyler Hicks, “Industrial Hydraulics”, McGraw Hill International Edition,

1980.

2. Andrew Par, Hydraulics and pneumatics, Jaico Publishing House, 2005.

3. FESTO, Fundamentals of Pneumatics, Vol I, II and III.

4. Herbert E. Merritt, “Hydraulic Control Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

5. Thomson, Introduction to Fluid power, Prentcie HaIl, 2004.

6. John Watton, “Fundamentals of fluid power control”, Cambridge University press, 2012.