APPLIED HYDRAULICS(18CV43)

APPLIED HYDRAULICS

Course Code:18CV43 CIE Marks:40
SEE Marks:60
Teaching Hours/Week(L:T:P):(3:0:0) Credits:03
Exam Hours:03

Course Learning Objectives: The objectives of this course is to make students to learn:

1. Principles of dimensional analysis to design hydraulic models and Design of various models.
2. Design the open channels of various cross sections including design of economical sections.
3. Energy concepts of fluid in open channel, Energy dissipation, Water surface profiles at different conditions.
4. The working principles of the hydraulic machines for the given data and analyzing the performance of Turbines for various design data.

Click here to download model question paper

Module-1

Dimensional analysis:
Dimensional analysis and similitude: Dimensional homogeneity, Non Dimensional parameter, Rayleigh methods and Buckingham ð theorem, dimensional analysis, choice of variables, examples on various applications. Model analysis: Model analysis, similitude, types of similarities, force ratios, similarity laws, model classification, Reynolds model, Froude’s model, Euler’s Model, Webber’s model, Mach model, scale effects, Distorted models. Numerical problems on Reynolds’s, and Froude’s Model
Buoyancy and Flotation: Buoyancy, Force and Centre of Buoyancy, Meta centre and Meta centric height, Stability of submerged and floating bodies, Determination of Meta centric height, Experimental and theoretical method, Numerical problems    

Click here to download Module-1

 

 Module-2

Open Channel Flow Hydraulics: Uniform Flow: Introduction, Classification of flow through channels, Chezy’s and Manning’s equation for flow through open channel, Most economical channel sections, Uniform flow through Open channels, Numerical Problems. Specific Energy and Specific energy curve, Critical flow and corresponding critical parameters, Numerical Problems

Click here to download Module-2

Module-3

Non-Uniform Flow: Hydraulic Jump, Expressions for conjugate depths and Energy loss, Numerical Problems Gradually varied flow, Equation, Back water curve and afflux, Description of water curves or profiles, Mild, steep, critical, horizontal and adverse slope profiles, Numerical problems on identifying the flow profiles

Click here to download Module-3

 Module-4

Impact of jet on Curved vanes: Introduction, Impulse-Momentum equation. Direct impact of a jet on stationary and moving curved vanes, Introduction to concept of velocity triangles, impact of jet on a series of curved vanes- Problems.
Turbines – Impulse Turbines: Introduction to turbines, General lay out of a hydro- electric plant, Heads and Efficiencies, classification of turbines. Pelton wheel- components, working principle and velocity triangles. Maximum power, efficiency, working proportions – Numerical problems.

Click here to download Module-4

Module-5

Reaction Turbines and Pumps: Radial flow reaction turbines: (i) Francis turbine- Descriptions, working proportions and design, Numerical problems. (ii) Kaplan turbine- Descriptions, working proportions and design, Numerical problems. Draft tube theory and unit quantities. (No problems)
Centrifugal pumps: Components and Working of centrifugal pumps, Types of centrifugal pumps, Work done by the impeller, Heads and Efficiencies, Minimum starting speed of centrifugal pump, Numerical
 problems, Multi-stage pumps.

Click here to download Module-5

Course outcomes: After a successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

1. Apply dimensional analysis to develop mathematical modeling and compute the parametric values in prototype by analyzing the corresponding model parameters
2. Design the open channels of various cross sections including economical channel sections
3. Apply Energy concepts to flow in open channel sections, Calculate Energy dissipation,
4. Compute water surface profiles at different conditions
5. Design turbines for the given data, and to know their operation characteristics under different operating conditions

Question paper pattern:

• The question paper will have ten full questions carrying equal marks.
 • Each full question will be for 20 marks.
• There will be two full questions (with a maximum of four sub- questions) from each module.
 • Each full question will have sub- question covering all the topics under a module.
• The students will have to answer five full questions, selecting one full question from each module.

Textbooks:

1. P N Modi and S M Seth, “Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics, including Hydraulic Machines”, 20th edition, 2015, Standard Book House, NewDelhi
2. R.K. Bansal, “A Text book of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines”, Laxmi Publications, New Delhi
3. S K SOM and G Biswas, “Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

 Reference Books:

1. K Subramanya, “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.Ltd. 2. Mohd. Kaleem Khan, “Fluid Mechanics and Machinery”, Oxford UniversityPress.
3. C.S.P. Ojha, R. Berndtsson, and P.N. Chandramouli, “Fluid Mechanics and Machinery”, Oxford University Publication –2010.
4. J.B. Evett, and C. Liu, “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics”, McGraw-Hill Book Company.-2009.